Media has a large role in shaping children's identity, especially with the increasing accessibility of technology. In order for businesses to thrive, they use advertising and marketing ploys that target the necessary groups that will help increase sales. However, when children start being affected by what they see and hear and sometimes when they are the target of certain messages, it is detrimental to a child's idea of themselves. Levin and Kilbourne (2009) make the excellent point about the sexualization in today's society; not about children learning about sex and sexuality but what they are learning from particular messages or ideas. If heavily exposed to a misinformed idea of sex, children will develop a confused identity, with negative influences on gender, sexuality, and relationships. As one cannot rely on others to raise one's children or to educate them, allowing a healthy development of social identity, it is important to teach appropriate ideas of relationships, sex, and self, with the ability to do so regardless of what children will grow up seeing and hearing.
Rubin (2011) wrote an article about a company that launched a line of lingerie for young girls. This caused outrage with many people, not only because of the concept but with the advertisements depicting these young girls with mature poses, in lingerie. I don't think that any mother or father looking at these advertisements would think, "My child doesn't look like that, I need to cut down her portions" but I do think that it gives a skewed perception of children and an amplified reaction to maturing children beyond their years. If children are exposed to such images, it also gives them a disillusioned idea of how they "should" look like, not understanding their own worth but always trying to live up to an idea of beauty.
Briefly encountering two boys playing, seemingly harmless play, involving superhero role play, took an unusual turn. One boy exclaimed that he was Iron Man whilst the other boy quickly shut him down, stating that he couldn't be Iron Man because Iron Man has muscles. The idea that a hero has to be strong has, in comic books and movies, more often than not displayed men with muscles and abs. By doing so to an extent where children only have one image of strong individuals and without the support to explain different body images, intelligence, etc., children may develop a particular idea of how they should look, what women (later on in life) will like and what is lacking from a person based solely on appearance.
"Both boys and girls are routinely exposed to images of sexual behaviour devoid of emotions, attachment, or consequences" (Levin & Kilbourne, 2009). Children are exposed to surroundings where advertisements, movies, trailers, etc., is targeted towards a more mature audience. They, often, include sexualized images of people that enjoy an animalistic nature between partners, eliminating love, care, and emotion. It imposes an alternative view of love and how people should treat one another, also encouraging children to mature much faster than necessary or developmentally appropriate.
By exposing children to an oversexualized world, children can develop unhealthy identities, confusion as to who they are and how they should be treated/treat others, as well as create insecurities that hinder development in other areas, such as socially, which can impact learning because of a sense of not "fitting in" in school, creating a reluctance to attend and learn.
As early childhood educators, it is important that we provide a neutral environment where children are free to explore their curiosities about who they are and develop social identities that are free of stigmas or judgment. We must instil the need for respect, regardless of appearances and based on personalities. Talents and strengths should be nurtured to a great extent to encourage a greater self esteem and award children's efforts in their abilities as opposed to praising on appearance, therefore allowing children to develop a strength to, in future, resist imposing messages that may target the insecure.
Learning more about sexualization and media, as well as its impact on young children, I feel more wary of their exposure to technology. Regardless of the exposure they have as young children, they should be taught to value themselves for who they are as individuals and should learn to feel secure and dismiss messages that target insecurities, understanding their methods and invalidities. However, I still think that children are, nowadays, being subjected to technology that is unnecessary for their development. They should be taught the important components that stand up against sexualized media but should also, at a young age, be restricted to its exposure. Too often, I see children and even babies on iPads and watching television instead of engaging with their parents. Sometimes they are a means to entertain the children or keep them occupied, which I think can be done with other tools, such as blocks, lego, or anything creative that stimulates a child without using technology that can expose children to mature content (advertisements often pop up in games on technological devices, which cannot be screened prior to exposing the child).
References:
Levin, D. E., & Kilbourne, J. (2009). So sexy so soon: The new sexualized childhood and what parents can do to protect their kids (pp. 1-8).
New York: Ballantine Books. Retrieved from http://dianeelevin.com/sosexysosoon/introduction.pdf
Rubin, J. (2011). How do you feel about french lingerie for little girls? StyleITE. Retrieved from http://www.styleite.com/news/jours-apres-lunes-childrens-lingerie/
